Friday, February 27, 2015

The 10,000 Calorie Sumo Diet: Chankonabe


Sumo wrestlers expend tremendous amounts of energy to move their bodies and train and compete.

World Champion Byamba Ulambayar here, weighs 360 pounds at 6'1" and takes in around 10,000 calories a day so that he may perform such awesome feats as...

Body slamming a 420-pound competitor in the 2013 US Sumo Wrestling Championship:

In order to get fueled up properly, Byamba eats Chankonabe(ちゃんこ鍋), the essential sumo-wrestler, high-calorie stew.

Take a look at how it's made:

Click through if the video doesn't load for you: 
It's worth a look!


おいしそうですね!(Looks delicious!)

Los Verbos Reflexivos en Español

Reflexive Verbs are tricky, but essential in expressing your daily routine.

With reflexive verbs like levantarse, acostarse, dormirse, and vestirse, we can begin to address questions such as:
  • ¿Qué haces todos los días?
    (What do you do everyday?)
  • ¿Cómo es tu rutina diaria?
    (What is your daily routine like?)
  • ¿Te levantas temprano?
    (Do you wake up early?)
  • ¿A qué hora te acuestas?
    (What time do you go to bed?)
  • ¿Cuánto tiempo dura para dormirte después de acostarte?
    (How long does it take for you to fall asleep after you lie down?)
Before doing explicit practice with the conjugation of reflexive verbs, let's hear some more examples:


Now it's time to look at the structure of and process for conjugating reflexive verbs...

Here are some examples of reflexive and non-reflexive verbs:
(When a verb is reflexive, the infinitive ends in "se.")
  • lavar = to wash (non-reflexive)
  • lavarse = to wash oneself (reflexive)
  • rascar = to scratch (non-reflexive)
  • rascarse = to scratch oneself (reflexive)

The reflexive verb we are probably most familiar with is:
  • llamarse = to be called / to call oneself (reflexive)
  • Note that llamar is a non-reflexive verb meaning "to call (someone)".
Llamarse conjugates in the following manner:
  • yo me llamo = I call myself / I am called
  • te llamas = You call yourself / You are called
  • él se llama = He calls himself / He is called
  • ella se llama = She calls herself / She is called
  • usted se llama = You call yourself (formal) / You are called (formal)
  • nosotros nos llamamos = We call ourselves / We are called
  • nosotras nos llamamos = We call ourselves (feminine) / We are called (feminine)
  • vosotros os llamáis = You-all call yourselves (informal) / You-all are called (informal)
  • vosotras os llamáis = You-all call yoursevles (informal, feminine) / You-all are called (informal, feminine) 
  •  ustedes se llaman = You-all call yourselves (formal) / You-all are called
  • ellos se llaman = They call themselves / They are called
  • ellas se llaman = They call themselves (feminine) / They are called (feminine)

Here is how lavarse works:
  • yo me lavo = I wash (myself)
  • te lavas = you wash (yourself) (informal)
  • él se lava = he washes (himself)
  • ella se lava = she washes (herself)
  • usted se lava = you wash (yourself) (formal)
  • nosotros nos lavamos = we wash (ourselves)
  • nosotras nos lavamos = we wash (ourselves) (feminine)
  • vosotros os laváis = you-all wash (yourselves) (informal)
  • vosotras os laváis = you-all wash (yourselves) (informal, feminine)
  • ustedes se lavan = you-all wash (yourselves)(formal)
  • ellos se lavan = they wash (themselves)
  • ellas se lavan = they wash (themselves) (feminine) 

Thursday, February 26, 2015

4 Fantastic Language Features That English Lacks


  1. Time-independence: verbs with optional tenses, "timeless" verbs (like in Chinese)
  2. Clusivity: the ability to distinguish between different "we" groups (she and I; not you vs. all of us)
  3. Absolute Direction: indicating and expressing cardinal directions intuitively within words like left, right, straight, etc. (west-left vs. west-right)
  4. Evidentiality: changing the ending of a word to indicate how you came across the information you are reporting (saw-it-with-my-own-eyes-HE-JUMPED vs. heard-it-through-the-grapevine-HE-JUMPED)

Friday, February 20, 2015

Japanese Gestures

Today in Japanese 1 we learned a gesture for use when saying "excuse me" 「しつれいですが。。。」or 「しつれいします。」It looks like this:

Source: tofugu.com/guides/japanese-body-language
To form this gesture, simply raise your open hand straight up, keeping your elbow at your side or in front of you. You may choose to bow or do a mini-bow (head-nod) at the same time as you raise your hand.

We have also learned the "polite pointing" gesture, to indicate the person with whom you are talking. Keep your hand open and extend your arm out in front of you. Remember there is no need to over-extend your arm:

Source: tofugu.com/guides/japanese-body-language

Here are a few more to try:

1) To gesture for "Sorry" 「ごめん!」or "Please do me a favor" 「おねがい!」, use this two-handed gesture as demonstrated in the video below by Hiroko from Japanesepod101.com. NOTE: This gesture is for use with friends only as it uses casual forms of "Sorry" and "Please". Also, it is mainly a gesture used by women.


2) "Come here for a second" 「ちょっと!」, and "Come here" 「おいで!」use the palm-down beckoning gesture shown in this illustration and by Hiroko in video below:

「おいで、おいで!はやく!」


3) "Who, me?" 「わたし?」can be expressed without words by pointing to your nose with your pointer finger:

Source: Flickr ninhonbunka yasuko (CC non-commercial license)

Superlatives and Comparatives

We've been using Superlatives and Comparatives in Spanish 2 in our unit on our school, but can you use them correctly? We'll be quizzing on this on Tuesday, February 24th, so best review:

FIRST: Check out Relative Superlatives Constructions -- See the guide at http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/super.htm.
An example is:

John is the tallest boy in class.
John es el chico más alto en la clase.
 Next, view this review video from Spanishdict.com. Start at 4:53 to see JUST the Superlative grammar.


You should be able to construct sentences such as: 
  • Art Club is the most enjoyable club in our school.
  • Soccer is the most competitive sport.
  • The burritos are the best food in the cafeteria.
  • The white rice is the worst food in the cafeteria.
  • AP Chemistry is the most difficult subject in our school.


SECOND: Check out Comparisons of Equality -- See the guide at http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/equal.htm.
An example is:

The book is as good as the movie.
El libro es tan bueno como la película.
Next, view this review video from Señor Jordan -- jump to the 3:48 mark to see ONLY Comparisons of Equality, which is our focus for our upcoming quiz.


You should be able to construct sentences such as: 
  • My house is as big as your house.
  • Your car is as old as my car.
  • DECA is as fun as FFA.

MIXED REVIEW: Can you translate these comparative and superlative sentences into Spanish?
  1. DECA is as interesting as FFA. 
  2. Art Club is the most enjoyable club in our school. 
  3. The weather today is as good as yesterday's. 
  4. The burritos are the best food in the cafeteria. 
  5. Soccer is the most competitive sport. 
  6. Your car is as old as my car. 
  7. AP Chemistry is the most difficult subject in our school. 
  8. The gym is as far away as the main office. 
  9. My house is as big as your house. 
  10. The white rice is the worst food in the cafeteria.